How does the liver contribute to glucose metabolism?

The liver plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism primarily through the regulation of blood glucose levels. This is achieved by storing glucose in the form of glycogen and releasing it as needed to maintain normal blood sugar levels. When blood glucose levels are high, such as after a meal, the liver converts excess glucose into glycogen through a process called glycogenesis. Conversely, when blood glucose levels drop, the liver can break down glycogen back into glucose and release it into the bloodstream through glycogenolysis. Additionally, the liver can produce glucose from non-carbohydrate sources through gluconeogenesis, thereby ensuring that energy is available to the body even when dietary sources are lacking.

This regulation is vital for maintaining homeostasis, particularly between meals or during fasting periods. The liver's ability to balance glucose storage and release ensures that cells throughout the body have a consistent supply of glucose for energy, supporting overall metabolic functions and preventing hypoglycemia.

Other choices do not accurately represent the primary contributions of the liver to glucose metabolism. For instance, while the liver can convert glucose into fat, this is more associated with energy storage for long-term use rather than immediate regulation of blood glucose. Producing insulin is a function of the pancreas, not the liver, and filtering glucose