What can cause cirrhosis?

Cirrhosis is a late-stage result of various liver diseases and conditions that lead to progressive liver damage. The correct choice highlights two significant causes: chronic alcohol abuse and viral hepatitis.

Chronic alcohol abuse leads to a series of liver injuries, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and ultimately, cirrhosis as the liver sustains ongoing damage from the toxic effects of alcohol. Over time, this damage results in scarring and the progressive loss of liver function.

Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B and C, is another major contributor to the development of cirrhosis. These viral infections can cause chronic inflammation in the liver, resulting in continuous damage and repair processes that eventually lead to the formation of scar tissue.

While acute viral infections can attract attention for their potential severity, they do not typically cause cirrhosis in isolation; instead, they may lead to acute liver failure or transient liver enzyme elevation. Surgical removal of part of the liver is generally not a cause of cirrhosis but rather a treatment for certain liver conditions and typically does not result in the same kind of scarring as extensive chronic injury does. Excessive intake of carbohydrates does not lead directly to cirrhosis, though it may contribute to the development