What is the recommended post-exposure prophylaxis for Hepatitis B?

The recommended post-exposure prophylaxis for Hepatitis B involves administering hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 24 hours of exposure. This approach is essential because immediate intervention can significantly reduce the risk of developing the infection. HBIG provides passive immunity by supplying the necessary antibodies against the hepatitis B virus, which can help neutralize the virus if administered promptly after exposure.

Additionally, it's usually recommended that the hepatitis B vaccine series be started concurrently if not already vaccinated. The rationale for the 24-hour window is based on the biology of the virus and the immune response, which emphasizes the importance of early intervention. In contrast, administering immunoglobulin later, such as within 1-2 weeks, may not provide sufficient protection due to the time-dependent nature of the immune response and the viral transmission dynamics. Thus, the 24-hour time frame is critical for effective prophylaxis against hepatitis B after potential exposure.